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Is the Future of Women’s Health Safe in the Hands of Artificial Intelligence? | The Express Tribune

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Although the Covid-19 pandemic has waned, healthcare facilities are still grappling with workflow challenges and resource constraints, particularly impacting women’s health. 

Can AI really bridge the gap in women’s healthcare?

Specialties such as breast radiology and cytology are facing significant backlogs, delaying timely diagnosis and treatments.

Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising solution to these challenges. For over a decade, AI has been making strides in healthcare, offering innovative alternative ways to improve patient outcomes when all else fails. 

As AI technology advances, it shows great potential in enhancing detection capabilities, reducing backlogs, and streamlining workflows. This, in turn, could significantly improve access to preventive care for women, playing a crucial role in advancing women’s health globally.

We are literally on the brink of unprecedented shifts in technology, with AI set to revolutionise various industries.

image by LiliGraphie

How could AI tools be integrated in healthcare? 

AI involves programming machines to mimic human cognitive functions, enabling them to recognize patterns, make predictions, and even generate new content such as text, images, audio, and video. Generative AI (GenAI), a subset of AI, excels in creating new content based on learned data patterns.

AI’s integration into diverse sectors is revamping operations, boosting efficiencies, and cultivating much needed reorganisation. Its impact on healthcare is particularly profound, with the potential to redefine various aspects of the industry. By addressing long standing gaps and disparities, AI is likely to play a pivotal role in enhancing women’s healthcare, ensuring more timely and accurate diagnoses, and ultimately improving patient outcomes

Despite making up 51% of the global population, products and services specifically tailored to women’s health needs continue to lag behind. According to a McKinsey report, women spend an average of 9 years in poor health—that’s a whopping 25% more time than men. As a result, productivity and earning potential are simultaneously impacted. 

Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing great potential in tackling major challenges within the healthcare industry and accelerating the creation of women-specific products and services. For instance, the European Council’s recommendation to use digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for breast cancer screening has increased the number of images radiologists must examine. AI tools like Hologic’s 3DQuorum Imaging Technology can help by minimising the number of images to be reviewed. This technology produces high-resolution, 6mm overlapping SmartSlices without compromising image quality, sensitivity, or accuracy. Using SmartSlices reduces the workload for radiologists by two-thirds, saving them about an hour of interpretation time each day.

Typically, breast screening images require a second reader to ensure accuracy, which adds to the radiologists’ workload. AI has the potential to take over this role by efficiently identifying areas of concern within mammograms, thus speeding up the review process allowing radiologists to work more efficiently without sacrificing accuracy.

AI’s capabilities can significantly improve women’s healthcare by addressing key issues, enhancing diagnostic precision, and streamlining medical imaging processes. This not only aids healthcare providers but also ensures that women receive timely and accurate diagnoses, leading to better overall health outcomes.

With every passing day, we are closer to a healthcare system that is completely digitised and powered by artificial intelligence. Advancements in remote reading are paving the way for facilities in remote or underserved areas to access top-notch imaging and diagnostic services without facing logistical hurdles. For women who travel long distances for screenings, AI can play a crucial role in triaging. In the past, radiologists had to interrupt their workflow to quickly review results for these patients. Now, AI tools can flag areas of concern in real-time, allowing radiologists to prioritise complex cases. This technology is especially beneficial in breast and cervical cancer screenings, ensuring patients with urgent needs receive timely diagnosis, thereby improving their overall care experience.

The Road Ahead

The role of AI in healthcare is set to expand significantly in the coming years. Embracing innovation should include leveraging these advanced algorithms, particularly to make strides in women’s health. Current technologies are already helping to address backlogs in breast and cervical cancer screenings and enhancing early detection capabilities. Companies at the forefront of this movement must continually refine their technologies to improve patient care, focusing on inclusivity and accessibility so that women everywhere can benefit from these advancements.

Healthcare is a massive global industry, valued at $12 trillion. According to Binarks, the global AI healthcare market was worth $16 billion in 2022 and is projected to grow at an annual rate of 40.2%, reaching $173.5 billion by 2029. The integration of AI in healthcare is rapidly evolving, offering the potential to significantly enhance patient care, reduce costs, and accelerate medical research. 

Our current healthcare systems are under immense strain and could crumble anytime soon, there is a pressing need to shift from a volume-based model focused on budgets, business models, and waiting lists to a more holistic approach centred on preventative medicine. 

AI has a crucial role to play in this new proposed paradigm, helping to create a healthcare system that is more efficient, effective, and accessible for all.

 

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Pakistani conjoined twins successfully separated by Turkish doctors

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Pakistani conjoined twin girls, Mirha and Minal, separate after successful surgery by Turkish doctors at Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara. — Anadolu Agency

Turkish doctors successfully separated Pakistani twin girls, Mirha and Minal, who were conjoined at the skull after a marathon 14-hour surgery performed in two stages, according to state-run Anadolu news agency.

The surgery was conducted at Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, after Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan responded to the family’s plea for help as they were unable to find a suitable treatment in Pakistan.

After being contacted by renowned London-based pediatric neurosurgeon Owase Jeelani, Erdogan assured Jeelani that the babies’ treatment would be carried out in Turkey, as per Anadolu.

The 11-month-old twin girls travelled to the Turkish capital in May and were placed under close medical supervision.

The final 14-hour operation took place on July 19 by a surgical team led by Dr Jeelani along with Turkish physicians Dr Harun Demirci and Dr Hasan Murat Ergani.

Emphasising the extensive teamwork involved in the operation, the hospital’s head of the Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Namik Yasar Ozbek told the Turkish news agency: “The babies had some issues with sitting and hand movements due to their conjoined state.”

“Post-surgery, our neurologists, physical therapists and neurodevelopmental specialists resolved these issues,” he added.

“The babies are now doing very well, starting to use their hands and arms, and gaining head control. In 10 days, they will celebrate their first birthdays separately,” Ozbek said.

“Seeing the babies healthy now is an incredible joy,” said Turkish physician Ergani, who was part of Dr Jeelani-led surgical team, adding: “When we successfully separated them, the entire medical team looked at each other and applauded. It was one of the most memorable moments of my life.”

Speaking to the news agency, the twins’ parents, Rehan Ali and Nazia Parveen, expressed their profound gratitude to President Erdogan, the medical team, and everyone involved in their children’s treatment.

“We are very happy and indebted to everyone who contributed,” said the father, adding that they hope to meet Erdogan to thank him personally.

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Pakistan’s mpox tally rises to 7 as another case reported

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Vials of the JYNNEOS smallpox and monkeypox vaccine are placed on a table during a clinic offered by the Pima County Department of Public Health at Abrams Public Health Centre in Tucson, Arizona, US, August 20, 2022. — Reuters

ISLAMABAD: A 44-year-old man, hailing from the Gujarat district in Punjab, has tested positive for monkeypox virus or mpox after arriving in Pakistan from a gulf state marking the seventh mpox case in the country this year and the sixth since the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared an emergency last month.

After being suspected of carrying the virus, the patient, who landed at Islamabad Airport on September 14 (Saturday), was taken to the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (Pims).

The health officials confirmed that samples sent to the National Institute of Health (NIH) tested positive for mpox. The patient is reported to be in stable condition.

“This is the seventh confirmed case of mpox in Pakistan this year,” said a health official in the federal health ministry.

“Five previous cases were confirmed at the Khyber Medical University laboratory in Peshawar, while this latest patient is being treated in Islamabad,” the official said.

Mpox is a virus that causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled lesions and, while usually mild, it can kill. Children, pregnant women and people with weakened immune systems are all at higher risk of complications.

Earlier on Wednesday, one more mpox case was reported in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), taking the total tally of the virus to six in Pakistan, provincial Health Minister Syed Qasim Ali Shah said

Moreover on Sunday, at least three passengers travelling to Karachi were suspected of monkeypox in a single day at the Jinnah International Airport, Geo News reported citing sources.

All three passengers returned to Pakistan from Middle Eastern countries, the sources added.

Following global health concerns, WHO has approved MVA-BN as the first pre-qualified vaccine against monkeypox virus, according to The News on Saturday.

“This first pre-qualification of a vaccine against mpox is an important step in our fight against the disease, both in the context of the current outbreaks in Africa and in future,” said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

The development comes as the United Nations’ health centric-body had declared the mpox outbreak as an “international health emergency” in July.

The spike in mpox cases in Peshawar has triggered concerns among health experts and the public alike, with calls for increased awareness and stricter travel guidelines.

Authorities continue to monitor the situation closely, particularly in light of the WHO’s recent emergency declaration regarding the virus, he added and lauded Border Health Services (BHS) to finally detect an mpox case other than Peshawar.

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Three possible mpox patients sent home as tests return negative

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A test tube labelled “Mpox virus positive” is held in this illustration taken August 20, 2024. — Reuters

Three suspected mpox patients were sent home in Karachi after one showed no symptoms and the tests for the other two came back negative, according to the Sindh health department.

Geo News, citing sources, reported on Sunday that they were suspected of being infected with mpox after returning to Pakistan from Middle Eastern countries at the Jinnah International Airport. 

The patient with no symptoms of the virus was sent home yesterday, the health department stated that the other two suspects, were also discharged from the hospital after testing negative. 

The two had arrived in Karachi from Jeddah on Saturday, according to the health department.

All three individuals were immediately taken to the Sindh Infectious Diseases Hospital and Research Centre, as confirmed by hospital officials.

Currently, there are six confirmed mpox cases in Pakistan, with the majority reported in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Mpox is a virus that causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled lesions and, while usually mild, it can kill. Children, pregnant women and people with weakened immune systems are all at higher risk of complications, reported Reuters.

The infectious disease has African countries in turmoil including DR Congo where there have been 27,000 cases and more than 1,100 deaths, the majority of the deaths occurred among children.

The outbreak began in January 2023 in the Congo and in August this year, the World Health Organisation (WHO) declared the recent outbreak of the disease a public health emergency of international concern after the new variant was identified.

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Authorities identify three suspected mpox patients at Karachi airport

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This file photo shows a patient showing his hand with a sore caused by an infection of the mpox virus. — AFP 

KARACHI: As Pakistan continues to report fresh monkeypox cases, three more passengers travelling to Karachi were suspected of the disease, sources told Geo News on Sunday. 

According to the sources, the three passengers, including a female, were returning to Pakistan from Middle Eastern countries and had landed at Karachi’s Jinnah International Airport. 

The suspected patients have been shifted to Sindh government’s Infectious Diseases Hospital, said the sources, adding that they will be kept in isolation ward until the test report comes.

The total tally of confirmed mpox cases is six across Pakistan with most cases reported in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Mpox is a virus that causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled lesions and, while usually mild, it can kill. Children, pregnant women and people with weakened immune systems are all at higher risk of complications, reported Reuters.

In August, the WHO The World Health Organisation declared the recent outbreak of the disease a public health emergency of international concern after the new variant was identified.

There have been 27,000 cases and more than 1,100 deaths, mainly among children, in DR Congo since the current outbreak began in January 2023.

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